According to BitMEX Research, the anti-spam initiatives implemented between 2015 and 2017 successfully reduced onchain spam, resulting in spammers now needing to pay higher transaction fees to access the blockchain (Source: BitMEX Research, May 9, 2025). This shift has direct trading implications, as increased transaction costs can affect network congestion, impact arbitrage strategies, and influence the speed and cost of cryptocurrency trades across major blockchains.